[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"summary-8cd34b92f1be4ae8-use-range-syntax-to-fix-media-query-overlap-bugs-summary":3,"summaries-facets-categories":150,"summary-related-8cd34b92f1be4ae8-use-range-syntax-to-fix-media-query-overlap-bugs-summary":3735},{"id":4,"title":5,"ai":6,"body":13,"categories":107,"created_at":109,"date_modified":109,"description":101,"extension":110,"faq":109,"featured":111,"kicker_label":109,"meta":112,"navigation":134,"path":135,"published_at":136,"question":109,"scraped_at":136,"seo":137,"sitemap":138,"source_id":139,"source_name":140,"source_type":141,"source_url":142,"stem":143,"tags":144,"thumbnail_url":109,"tldr":147,"tweet":109,"unknown_tags":148,"__hash__":149},"summaries\u002Fsummaries\u002F8cd34b92f1be4ae8-use-range-syntax-to-fix-media-query-overlap-bugs-summary.md","Use Range Syntax to Fix Media Query Overlap Bugs",{"provider":7,"model":8,"input_tokens":9,"output_tokens":10,"processing_time_ms":11,"cost_usd":12},"openrouter","x-ai\u002Fgrok-4.1-fast",4908,1507,15321,0.0017126,{"type":14,"value":15,"toc":100},"minimark",[16,21,34,45,56,60,71,90,94,97],[17,18,20],"h2",{"id":19},"prevent-layout-bugs-from-minmax-width-overlaps","Prevent Layout Bugs from min\u002Fmax-width Overlaps",[22,23,24,25,29,30,33],"p",{},"Traditional media queries using ",[26,27,28],"code",{},"min-width"," (>=) and ",[26,31,32],{},"max-width"," (\u003C=) create gaps when both target the same breakpoint, like 300px. At exactly 300px, both rules apply, hiding elements simultaneously—e.g., navigation and toggle both disappear, breaking the layout.",[22,35,36,37,40,41,44],{},"To fix without ranges, offset breakpoints manually: ",[26,38,39],{},"max-width: 299px"," (\u003C=299px) for hiding nav on small screens, and ",[26,42,43],{},"min-width: 300px"," (>=300px) for hiding toggle on large screens. This works for one breakpoint but scales poorly with multiples, leading to error-prone maintenance and 45-minute debug sessions.",[22,46,47,48,51,52,55],{},"Range syntax eliminates this: ",[26,49,50],{},"@media (width \u003C= 300px)"," hides nav, ",[26,53,54],{},"@media (width > 300px)"," hides toggle. At 300px, nav shows (not \u003C=) and toggle hides (>), ensuring seamless transitions.",[17,57,59],{"id":58},"write-readable-ranges-for-complex-breakpoints","Write Readable Ranges for Complex Breakpoints",[22,61,62,63,66,67,70],{},"Ranges shine for styles between breakpoints. Instead of ",[26,64,65],{},"@media (min-width: 300px) and (max-width: 500px)",", use ",[26,68,69],{},"@media (300px \u003C= width \u003C= 500px)",". This directly expresses \"between 300px and 500px inclusive,\" reducing cognitive load during review or debugging.",[22,72,73,74,77,78,81,82,85,86,89],{},"Apply to container queries too: swap ",[26,75,76],{},"@media"," for ",[26,79,80],{},"@container",", e.g., ",[26,83,84],{},"@container (width >= 300px)"," changes h1 styles, ",[26,87,88],{},"@container (width >= 500px)"," adds more. This powers responsive components without viewport reliance.",[17,91,93],{"id":92},"leverage-strong-browser-support","Leverage Strong Browser Support",[22,95,96],{},"Range syntax landed in March 2023 with wide adoption: Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari all support it, per Baseline and Web Platform Status. If you're using container queries, ranges are already viable—no polyfills needed.",[22,98,99],{},"Adopt today for clearer CSS that's easier to reason about, especially in teams. Test in projects to catch intent faster than deciphering min\u002Fmax logic.",{"title":101,"searchDepth":102,"depth":102,"links":103},"",2,[104,105,106],{"id":19,"depth":102,"text":20},{"id":58,"depth":102,"text":59},{"id":92,"depth":102,"text":93},[108],"Design & Frontend",null,"md",false,{"content_references":113,"triage":129},[114,120,126],{"type":115,"title":116,"publisher":117,"url":118,"context":119},"report","Media Queries Level 4","W3C","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002FTR\u002Fmediaqueries-4\u002F#mq-range-context","cited",{"type":121,"title":122,"author":123,"url":124,"context":125},"other","Unintentional CSS media query gaps","Steve Fenton","https:\u002F\u002Fstevefenton.co.uk\u002Fblog\u002F2023\u002F05\u002Funintentional-media-query-gaps\u002F","recommended",{"type":121,"title":127,"url":128,"context":119},"Media query range syntax","https:\u002F\u002Fwebstatus.dev\u002Ffeatures\u002Fmedia-query-range-syntax",{"relevance":130,"novelty":131,"quality":130,"actionability":130,"composite":132,"reasoning":133},4,3,3.8,"Category: Design & Frontend. The article addresses a specific pain point related to frontend development by providing a solution to media query overlap bugs, which is relevant for developers building responsive designs. It introduces the range syntax as a practical alternative to traditional media queries, offering a clearer and more maintainable approach.",true,"\u002Fsummaries\u002F8cd34b92f1be4ae8-use-range-syntax-to-fix-media-query-overlap-bugs-summary","2026-05-04 16:13:43",{"title":5,"description":101},{"loc":135},"8cd34b92f1be4ae8","Ahmad Shadeed","article","https:\u002F\u002Fishadeed.com\u002Farticle\u002Frange-syntax\u002F","summaries\u002F8cd34b92f1be4ae8-use-range-syntax-to-fix-media-query-overlap-bugs-summary",[145,146],"frontend","ui-ux","Replace min\u002Fmax-width media queries with range syntax like (width \u003C= 300px) to prevent elements from both hiding at shared breakpoints, improving readability and avoiding offset 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HTML in Canvas bridges this by treating canvas child elements as layout participants: they join the accessibility tree, receive focus, and stay interactive, but render invisibly off-screen as updatable textures. Changes trigger automatic repaints via paint events, or use requestRepaint() manually, like requestAnimationFrame(). This delivers canvas's visual freedom with HTML's reliability, enabling production-ready hybrids without rebuilding layouts from scratch.",[22,3754,3755],{},"Result: Live-updating elements like clocks or timetables appear as seamless textures in Three.js scenes, maintaining DOM interactivity without visual desync in most cases.",[17,3757,3759],{"id":3758},"implement-with-threejs-or-vanilla-canvas","Implement with Three.js or Vanilla Canvas",[22,3761,3762,3763],{},"Nest target HTML inside ",[3764,3765,3766],"canvas",{"layout-subtree":101},"—it acts as fallback if canvas fails, then becomes a texture source.",[22,3768,3769],{},[3770,3771,3772],"strong",{},"Three.js example:",[3774,3775,3779],"pre",{"className":3776,"code":3777,"language":3778,"meta":101,"style":101},"language-javascript shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","const texture = htmlElementImage2D(existingGLTexture, { \u002F\u002F color space, GPU options\n  htmlElement: document.getElementById('board'),\n});\n\u002F\u002F Apply texture to mesh, replacing static images like Thomas the Tank Engine.\n","javascript",[26,3780,3781,3809,3827,3832],{"__ignoreMap":101},[3782,3783,3786,3790,3794,3797,3801,3805],"span",{"class":3784,"line":3785},"line",1,[3782,3787,3789],{"class":3788},"szBVR","const",[3782,3791,3793],{"class":3792},"sj4cs"," texture",[3782,3795,3796],{"class":3788}," =",[3782,3798,3800],{"class":3799},"sScJk"," htmlElementImage2D",[3782,3802,3804],{"class":3803},"sVt8B","(existingGLTexture, { ",[3782,3806,3808],{"class":3807},"sJ8bj","\u002F\u002F color space, GPU options\n",[3782,3810,3811,3814,3817,3820,3824],{"class":3784,"line":102},[3782,3812,3813],{"class":3803},"  htmlElement: document.",[3782,3815,3816],{"class":3799},"getElementById",[3782,3818,3819],{"class":3803},"(",[3782,3821,3823],{"class":3822},"sZZnC","'board'",[3782,3825,3826],{"class":3803},"),\n",[3782,3828,3829],{"class":3784,"line":131},[3782,3830,3831],{"class":3803},"});\n",[3782,3833,3834],{"class":3784,"line":130},[3782,3835,3836],{"class":3807},"\u002F\u002F Apply texture to mesh, replacing static images like Thomas the Tank Engine.\n",[22,3838,3839],{},"The texture auto-updates on DOM repaints. For a London Underground timetable, extract the ",[3841,3842,3844,3845,3850,3871,3874,3877,3881,3884],"div",{"id":3843},"board",", inject it as canvas child, and texture-swap it into a 3D plane—live clock ticks and times refresh without manual polling.",[22,3846,3847],{},[3770,3848,3849],{},"Vanilla 2D Canvas:",[3774,3851,3853],{"className":3776,"code":3852,"language":3778,"meta":101,"style":101},"ctx.drawElementImage(formElement, x, y, width, height);\n\u002F\u002F Renders interactive \u003Cform> directly.\n",[26,3854,3855,3866],{"__ignoreMap":101},[3782,3856,3857,3860,3863],{"class":3784,"line":3785},[3782,3858,3859],{"class":3803},"ctx.",[3782,3861,3862],{"class":3799},"drawElementImage",[3782,3864,3865],{"class":3803},"(formElement, x, y, width, height);\n",[3782,3867,3868],{"class":3784,"line":102},[3782,3869,3870],{"class":3807},"\u002F\u002F Renders interactive \u003Cform> directly.\n",[22,3872,3873],{},"WebGPU variant: copyElementImage() for advanced shaders, like jelly sliders over hidden inputs.",[22,3875,3876],{},"Enable in Chrome Canary via flag (proposal stage). Full code in GitHub proposal demos.",[17,3878,3880],{"id":3879},"experimental-edges-and-privacy-safeguards","Experimental Edges and Privacy Safeguards",[22,3882,3883],{},"Performance lags (frame-late draws, desyncs), scrollbars crash, and bugs persist—ideal for experiment feedback. Privacy mitigations block fingerprinting: no system colors, themes, spellcheck, visited links, or preferences in textures. Avoids expanding JS-accessible data leaks.",[22,3885,3886],{},"Trade-off: Canvas whimsy + HTML robustness now viable for fun UIs (e.g., finger-gun tweets, YouTube eyes, beer-browsing desktops), but stabilize before production. Demos from Matt Rothenberg, Wes Bos, AA, and others prove viability—fork and iterate.",[3888,3889,3890],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .szBVR, html code.shiki .szBVR{--shiki-default:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583}html pre.shiki code .sj4cs, html code.shiki .sj4cs{--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .sScJk, html code.shiki .sScJk{--shiki-default:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0}html pre.shiki code .sVt8B, html code.shiki .sVt8B{--shiki-default:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8}html pre.shiki code .sJ8bj, html code.shiki .sJ8bj{--shiki-default:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D}html pre.shiki code .sZZnC, html code.shiki .sZZnC{--shiki-default:#032F62;--shiki-dark:#9ECBFF}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":101,"searchDepth":102,"depth":102,"links":3892},[3893,3894,3895],{"id":3748,"depth":102,"text":3749},{"id":3758,"depth":102,"text":3759},{"id":3879,"depth":102,"text":3880},[108],{"content_references":3898,"triage":3902},[3899],{"type":121,"title":3900,"url":3901,"context":125},"HTML in Canvas Proposal","https:\u002F\u002Fgithub.com\u002FWICG\u002Fhtml-in-canvas",{"relevance":130,"novelty":131,"quality":130,"actionability":130,"composite":132,"reasoning":3903},"Category: Design & Frontend. The article discusses a novel approach to integrating HTML elements within canvas scenes, addressing specific pain points like accessibility and layout fidelity. It provides practical implementation examples using Three.js and Vanilla Canvas, making it actionable for developers looking to enhance their UI\u002FUX.","\u002Fsummaries\u002F7e1597ca8706f7e5-embed-interactive-html-textures-in-canvas-scenes-summary","2026-04-19 17:30:00","2026-04-21 15:16:51",{"title":3738,"description":101},{"loc":3904},"7519c73348243dba","Better Stack","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=1zfRSiZBLyQ","summaries\u002F7e1597ca8706f7e5-embed-interactive-html-textures-in-canvas-scenes-summary",[145,146],"HTML in Canvas renders live, interactive DOM elements as GPU textures in WebGL or 2D canvases, solving canvas's text\u002Flayout issues while preserving HTML's accessibility and performance.",[],"5GKMxhOiqb7PWWJsUYHWxpecxEEBTghuHBVhILYpPag",{"id":3918,"title":3919,"ai":3920,"body":3925,"categories":4319,"created_at":109,"date_modified":109,"description":101,"extension":110,"faq":109,"featured":111,"kicker_label":109,"meta":4320,"navigation":134,"path":4321,"published_at":4322,"question":109,"scraped_at":4323,"seo":4324,"sitemap":4325,"source_id":4326,"source_name":4327,"source_type":4328,"source_url":4329,"stem":4330,"tags":4331,"thumbnail_url":109,"tldr":4332,"tweet":109,"unknown_tags":4333,"__hash__":4334},"summaries\u002Fsummaries\u002F8cd352b24d031198-modern-css-fixes-wcag-accessibility-gaps-summary.md","Modern CSS Fixes WCAG Accessibility Gaps",{"provider":7,"model":8,"input_tokens":3921,"output_tokens":3922,"processing_time_ms":3923,"cost_usd":3924},8566,2237,19519,0.0028092,{"type":14,"value":3926,"toc":4312},[3927,3931,3934,3941,4084,4101,4107,4118,4121,4125,4135,4150,4153,4157,4160,4163,4166,4173,4176,4180,4187,4194,4209,4223,4230,4241,4244,4248,4309],[17,3928,3930],{"id":3929},"scalable-focus-indicators-meet-aaaaa-criteria","Scalable Focus Indicators Meet AA\u002FAAA Criteria",[22,3932,3933],{},"Focus visibility is WCAG 2.2 AA (focus-visible) and AAA (focus-appearance, new in 2.2). AA requires keyboard interfaces to show focus indicators like browser outlines. AAA demands distinguishable indicators: at minimum, 2px thick outlines contrasting non-focused states.",[22,3935,3936,3937,3940],{},"Default browser outlines often fail AAA (too thin or low-contrast). Eckles fixes this with custom properties and ",[26,3938,3939],{},"max()"," for responsive sizing:",[3774,3942,3946],{"className":3943,"code":3944,"language":3945,"meta":101,"style":101},"language-css shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark",":root {\n  --outline-w: max(2px, 0.15em);\n  --outline-o: max(2px, 0.15em);\n}\n\n*:focus-visible {\n  outline: var(--outline-w) solid currentColor;\n  outline-offset: var(--outline-o);\n}\n","css",[26,3947,3948,3956,3988,4011,4016,4022,4034,4062,4079],{"__ignoreMap":101},[3782,3949,3950,3953],{"class":3784,"line":3785},[3782,3951,3952],{"class":3799},":root",[3782,3954,3955],{"class":3803}," {\n",[3782,3957,3958,3962,3965,3968,3970,3973,3976,3979,3982,3985],{"class":3784,"line":102},[3782,3959,3961],{"class":3960},"s4XuR","  --outline-w",[3782,3963,3964],{"class":3803},": ",[3782,3966,3967],{"class":3792},"max",[3782,3969,3819],{"class":3803},[3782,3971,3972],{"class":3792},"2",[3782,3974,3975],{"class":3788},"px",[3782,3977,3978],{"class":3803},", ",[3782,3980,3981],{"class":3792},"0.15",[3782,3983,3984],{"class":3788},"em",[3782,3986,3987],{"class":3803},");\n",[3782,3989,3990,3993,3995,3997,3999,4001,4003,4005,4007,4009],{"class":3784,"line":131},[3782,3991,3992],{"class":3960},"  --outline-o",[3782,3994,3964],{"class":3803},[3782,3996,3967],{"class":3792},[3782,3998,3819],{"class":3803},[3782,4000,3972],{"class":3792},[3782,4002,3975],{"class":3788},[3782,4004,3978],{"class":3803},[3782,4006,3981],{"class":3792},[3782,4008,3984],{"class":3788},[3782,4010,3987],{"class":3803},[3782,4012,4013],{"class":3784,"line":130},[3782,4014,4015],{"class":3803},"}\n",[3782,4017,4019],{"class":3784,"line":4018},5,[3782,4020,4021],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":134},"\n",[3782,4023,4025,4029,4032],{"class":3784,"line":4024},6,[3782,4026,4028],{"class":4027},"s9eBZ","*",[3782,4030,4031],{"class":3799},":focus-visible",[3782,4033,3955],{"class":3803},[3782,4035,4037,4040,4042,4045,4047,4050,4053,4056,4059],{"class":3784,"line":4036},7,[3782,4038,4039],{"class":3792},"  outline",[3782,4041,3964],{"class":3803},[3782,4043,4044],{"class":3792},"var",[3782,4046,3819],{"class":3803},[3782,4048,4049],{"class":3960},"--outline-w",[3782,4051,4052],{"class":3803},") ",[3782,4054,4055],{"class":3792},"solid",[3782,4057,4058],{"class":3792}," currentColor",[3782,4060,4061],{"class":3803},";\n",[3782,4063,4065,4068,4070,4072,4074,4077],{"class":3784,"line":4064},8,[3782,4066,4067],{"class":3792},"  outline-offset",[3782,4069,3964],{"class":3803},[3782,4071,4044],{"class":3792},[3782,4073,3819],{"class":3803},[3782,4075,4076],{"class":3960},"--outline-o",[3782,4078,3987],{"class":3803},[3782,4080,4082],{"class":3784,"line":4081},9,[3782,4083,4015],{"class":3803},[22,4085,4086,4089,4090,4093,4094,4096,4097,4100],{},[26,4087,4088],{},"max(2px, 0.15em)"," ensures ≥2px width (scales with font-size but never below 2px). ",[26,4091,4092],{},"currentColor"," inherits text color, passing contrast if text meets AA (4.5:1). For buttons where ",[26,4095,4092],{}," (white) fails against backgrounds, override to button's background color—",[26,4098,4099],{},"outline-offset"," creates a gap for distinction.",[22,4102,4103,4104,4106],{},"This scales across components without per-element styles. Tradeoff: Test per-component contrast; ",[26,4105,4092],{}," assumes text contrast is solid.",[22,4108,4109,4110,4113,4114,4117],{},"Related AA\u002FAAA criteria prevent author styles from hiding focus (AA: not entirely hidden; AAA: no part hidden). Browsers may obscure focus (e.g., Chrome clips outlines). Fix with ",[26,4111,4112],{},"scroll-margin-block: 10dvb"," on ",[26,4115,4116],{},":focus","—adds proportional viewport space (dynamic viewport units) without layout shifts. Only affects scroll position.",[22,4119,4120],{},"\"The key take-away from the guidance for focus appearance is that any outline that is at least 2 pixels thick and contrasts with the non-focused appearance would pass this criterion.\" – Eckles on AAA minimums, enabling simple passes over complex tweaks (see Sara Soueidan for nuances).",[17,4122,4124],{"id":4123},"logical-focus-order-without-dom-rewrites","Logical Focus Order Without DOM Rewrites",[22,4126,4127,4128,3978,4131,4134],{},"WCAG A (focus-order) requires tabbing to match logical\u002Fvisual flow for screen readers\u002Fkeyboard users. CSS like Grid\u002FFlexbox ",[26,4129,4130],{},"order",[26,4132,4133],{},"position: sticky\u002Fabsolute\u002Ffixed",", anchor positioning, or masonry disrupts this—focus jumps randomly.",[22,4136,4137,4138,4141,4142,4145,4146,4149],{},"Best fix: Author DOM in visual order. If impossible, upcoming ",[26,4139,4140],{},"reading-flow","\u002F",[26,4143,4144],{},"reading-order"," (Chrome-only; no Mozilla\u002FWebKit support yet) linearizes focus. E.g., Grid rows: ",[26,4147,4148],{},"reading-flow: grid-rows"," tabs row-by-row without DOM\u002FCSS changes.",[22,4151,4152],{},"Tradeoff: Unreliable cross-browser; prioritize source order. Eckles stresses: \"When you are placing interactive elements in a layout, it's important to consider the actual order in the DOM as compared to what the final layout position.\"",[17,4154,4156],{"id":4155},"reflow-at-400-zoom-without-dual-scrolling","Reflow at 400% Zoom Without Dual Scrolling",[22,4158,4159],{},"WCAG AA (reflow) demands single-column reflow at 400% desktop zoom (1280x1024px → 320x256px viewport) without content loss, functionality breaks, or horizontal scroll. This ~landscape iPhone 14 aspect ratio (narrower\u002Fwider than portrait mobile) trips mobile-first designs.",[22,4161,4162],{},"Common breaks: Sticky navs cover viewport; contained scrolls cutoff; fluid typography overflows; fixed px margins dominate (128px sections → 50%+ viewport at 400%).",[22,4164,4165],{},"Key insight: Viewport size ≠ device\u002Fuser. Small viewports mean zoom, not mobile\u002Ftouch—rearrange, don't remove features.",[22,4167,4168,4169,4172],{},"Fix spacing with ",[26,4170,4171],{},"min(128px, 25vh)","—uses px normally, switches to proportional vh at zoom where px exceeds (as early as 200%). Viewport units scale computed values with zoom; px don't.",[22,4174,4175],{},"\"Viewport size is not a proxy for device or user capabilities... a small viewport doesn't necessarily mean mobile. Doesn't necessarily mean touch. It may just mean a high zoom level is in use.\" – Eckles reframes responsive assumptions, preventing mobile-biased failures.",[17,4177,4179],{"id":4178},"theme-preferences-via-css-without-duplication","Theme Preferences via CSS Without Duplication",[22,4181,4182,4183,4186],{},"WCAG lacks dark mode mandates but stresses contrast (AA: 4.5:1 text) and non-color cues (A: use-of-color). Inclusive design honors ",[26,4184,4185],{},"prefers-color-scheme",".",[22,4188,4189,4190,4193],{},"Set ",[26,4191,4192],{},"color-scheme: dark light;"," (prefers dark, supports light)—browser auto-applies system colors (Canvas background, CanvasText, etc.) to doc, links, forms, scrollbars for contrast. Overridable.",[22,4195,4196,4197,4200,4201,4204,4205,4208],{},"Use ",[26,4198,4199],{},"light-dark()"," (requires ",[26,4202,4203],{},"color-scheme","): ",[26,4206,4207],{},"color: light-dark(#000, #fff);","—single rule for themes, no media query duplication. Cards\u002Fbuttons adapt smoothly.",[22,4210,4211,4212,4215,4216,3978,4219,4222],{},"Handle ",[26,4213,4214],{},"forced-colors: active"," (Windows High Contrast Mode, system-wide): Overrides colors (",[26,4217,4218],{},"color",[26,4220,4221],{},"background-color",", etc.) with system palette (Canvas, ButtonFace); removes shadows; adds backplates. Users customize palettes; can't opt-out\u002Fbrand it.",[22,4224,4225,4226,4229],{},"Impacts: Lost shadows (replace with transparent borders → CanvasText); icon fills (use ",[26,4227,4228],{},"forced-colors-adjust: none"," for critical color); buttons lose emphasis (invert Canvas\u002FCanvasText, but watch backplates).",[22,4231,4232,4233,4236,4237,4240],{},"Layer fixes in ",[26,4234,4235],{},"@layer forced-colors { ... }"," (last layer wins specificity). Transparent borders (",[26,4238,4239],{},"border: 1px solid transparent",") gain visibility sans query. Tripadvisor example: Semantic elements convert well; fixes for callouts, notifications, buttons.",[22,4242,4243],{},"\"Users can customize forced-colored palettes... you cannot opt your site out... they might not even see your initial styles ever.\" – Eckles on forced-colors inescapability, prioritizing critical overrides (SVGs, workflows) over branding.",[17,4245,4247],{"id":4246},"key-takeaways","Key Takeaways",[4249,4250,4251,4264,4270,4276,4281,4290,4300,4303,4306],"ul",{},[4252,4253,4254,4255,4257,4258,4260,4261,4263],"li",{},"Define global ",[26,4256,4031],{}," with ",[26,4259,4088],{}," outlines using ",[26,4262,4092],{}," for 2px+ AAA-compliant indicators.",[4252,4265,4266,4267,4269],{},"Add ",[26,4268,4112],{}," to nudge focused elements into view without obscuring.",[4252,4271,4272,4273,4275],{},"Author DOM in visual order; await ",[26,4274,4148],{}," for CSS fixes.",[4252,4277,4196,4278,4280],{},[26,4279,4171],{}," for spacing to scale at 400% zoom reflow.",[4252,4282,4283,4284,4286,4287,4289],{},"Declare ",[26,4285,4192],{}," + ",[26,4288,4199],{}," for theme adaptation.",[4252,4291,4292,4293,4296,4297,4299],{},"In ",[26,4294,4295],{},"@layer forced-colors",", add transparent borders and ",[26,4298,4228],{}," for critical elements.",[4252,4301,4302],{},"Test 320x256px viewport, forced-colors emulator (Chromium rendering panel), and Windows themes.",[4252,4304,4305],{},"Prioritize semantics; they auto-improve forced-colors handling (e.g., Tripadvisor).",[4252,4307,4308],{},"Contrast text first—focus\u002Fforced-colors inherit wins.",[3888,4310,4311],{},"html pre.shiki code .sScJk, html code.shiki .sScJk{--shiki-default:#6F42C1;--shiki-dark:#B392F0}html pre.shiki code .sVt8B, html code.shiki .sVt8B{--shiki-default:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8}html pre.shiki code .s4XuR, html code.shiki .s4XuR{--shiki-default:#E36209;--shiki-dark:#FFAB70}html pre.shiki code .sj4cs, html code.shiki .sj4cs{--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .szBVR, html code.shiki .szBVR{--shiki-default:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583}html pre.shiki code .s9eBZ, html code.shiki .s9eBZ{--shiki-default:#22863A;--shiki-dark:#85E89D}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":101,"searchDepth":102,"depth":102,"links":4313},[4314,4315,4316,4317,4318],{"id":3929,"depth":102,"text":3930},{"id":4123,"depth":102,"text":4124},{"id":4155,"depth":102,"text":4156},{"id":4178,"depth":102,"text":4179},{"id":4246,"depth":102,"text":4247},[108],{},"\u002Fsummaries\u002F8cd352b24d031198-modern-css-fixes-wcag-accessibility-gaps-summary","2026-04-01 22:00:55","2026-04-03 21:16:12",{"title":3919,"description":101},{"loc":4321},"8cd352b24d031198","Smashing Magazine","video","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=s3x4zIHFBzM","summaries\u002F8cd352b24d031198-modern-css-fixes-wcag-accessibility-gaps-summary",[145,146],"Stephanie Eckles shows how max(), scroll-margin, light-dark(), and forced-colors meet WCAG 2.2 focus, reflow, and theme criteria with scalable, low-effort CSS upgrades.",[],"570lojeUBVP1399PXOkwV64JX9ITorcI0WfseW6A9rA",{"id":4336,"title":4337,"ai":4338,"body":4343,"categories":4662,"created_at":109,"date_modified":109,"description":101,"extension":110,"faq":109,"featured":111,"kicker_label":109,"meta":4663,"navigation":134,"path":4686,"published_at":4687,"question":109,"scraped_at":4688,"seo":4689,"sitemap":4690,"source_id":4691,"source_name":4692,"source_type":141,"source_url":4693,"stem":4694,"tags":4695,"thumbnail_url":109,"tldr":4696,"tweet":109,"unknown_tags":4697,"__hash__":4698},"summaries\u002Fsummaries\u002F4e9668d53c62ae86-ditch-wrappers-css-grid-named-lines-for-layouts-summary.md","Ditch Wrappers: CSS Grid Named Lines for Layouts",{"provider":7,"model":8,"input_tokens":4339,"output_tokens":4340,"processing_time_ms":4341,"cost_usd":4342},8999,2805,23303,0.0026566,{"type":14,"value":4344,"toc":4655},[4345,4349,4352,4376,4380,4383,4402,4406,4422,4425,4468,4474,4481,4510,4520,4526,4530,4535,4555,4558,4572,4579,4582,4596,4598,4652],[17,4346,4348],{"id":4347},"the-pain-of-traditional-containers-and-a-simpler-path","The Pain of Traditional Containers and a Simpler Path",[22,4350,4351],{},"Traditional layouts rely on wrapper or container divs to constrain content width while allowing full-width backgrounds or images. This forces developers to nest divs, open\u002Fclose wrappers for each section change, and manage extra markup—especially tedious in CMS like WordPress. Kevin demonstrates the chaos: a hero section needs a wrapper, a full-width section requires closing it and restarting, repeating endlessly. Deleting all wrappers leaves content edge-to-edge, highlighting the dependency.",[22,4353,4354,4355,4358,4359,3978,4362,4365,4366,4369,4370,4372,4373,4375],{},"Kevin's alternative: one grid on the ",[26,4356,4357],{},"main"," element handles everything. Direct children get classes like ",[26,4360,4361],{},"content-grid",[26,4363,4364],{},"breakout",", or ",[26,4367,4368],{},"full-width"," to span appropriately. No extra divs. He previews the payoff—an image or section gets ",[26,4371,4368],{}," class, instantly spans viewport-wide; a CTA paragraph gets ",[26,4374,4364],{},", expands just beyond content edges. \"Imagine if you're using like a CMS like WordPress or something where you just go oh this thing that I've put in I don't have to worry about wrapping stuff I just say it's full width and it is full width,\" Kevin explains, emphasizing CMS simplicity.",[17,4377,4379],{"id":4378},"inspiration-from-grid-breakouts","Inspiration from Grid Breakouts",[22,4381,4382],{},"The idea stems from Stephanie Eckles' SmolCSS post on grid-emulated containers with simple breakouts and Ryan Mulligan's deeper exploration of multi-level layout breakouts via CSS Grid. Eckles shows basic grid padding for breakouts; Mulligan advances to layered spans. Kevin builds on this, validating his hunch: \"I got this idea originally developed after reading this article on small css. deev by Stephanie echles... and then I was really happy with this idea and then found out that Ryan Mulligan also um had come up with this like a year ago so I let's just say great minds think alike.\"",[22,4384,4385,4386,4389,4390,4393,4394,4397,4398,4401],{},"Key insight: Named grid lines create implicit areas. Lines like ",[26,4387,4388],{},"content-start"," and ",[26,4391,4392],{},"content-end"," form a ",[26,4395,4396],{},"content"," span automatically. This eliminates explicit ",[26,4399,4400],{},"grid-column: 1 \u002F -1"," math, making classes declarative.",[17,4403,4405],{"id":4404},"building-the-grid-backbone-with-named-lines","Building the Grid Backbone with Named Lines",[22,4407,4408,4409,4113,4412,4414,4415,4418,4419,4186],{},"Start with ",[26,4410,4411],{},".content-grid { display: grid; }",[26,4413,4357],{},". Define ",[26,4416,4417],{},"grid-template-columns"," with five tracks: two edge paddings, two breakout gutters, one content area. Initially: ",[26,4420,4421],{},"100px 100px 1fr 100px 100px",[22,4423,4424],{},"Name lines precisely:",[4249,4426,4427,4433,4439,4445,4449,4453,4458,4463],{},[4252,4428,4429,4432],{},[26,4430,4431],{},"full-width-start"," (grid edge)",[4252,4434,4435,4438],{},[26,4436,4437],{},"padding-inline"," (100px gutter)",[4252,4440,4441,4444],{},[26,4442,4443],{},"breakout-start"," (next 100px)",[4252,4446,4447],{},[26,4448,4388],{},[4252,4450,4451],{},[26,4452,4392],{},[4252,4454,4455],{},[26,4456,4457],{},"breakout-end",[4252,4459,4460,4462],{},[26,4461,4437],{}," (symmetric)",[4252,4464,4465],{},[26,4466,4467],{},"full-width-end",[22,4469,4470,4471],{},"Full CSS line (side-scroll in CodePen): ",[26,4472,4473],{},"grid-template-columns: [full-width-start] minmax(100px, 1fr) [breakout-start content-start] minmax(0, 1fr) [content-end breakout-end] minmax(100px, 1fr) [full-width-end];",[22,4475,4476,4477,4480],{},"Selectors target ",[26,4478,4479],{},"main > *",":",[4249,4482,4483,4492,4501],{},[4252,4484,4485,3964,4488,4491],{},[26,4486,4487],{},".content-grid",[26,4489,4490],{},"grid-column: content;"," (spans content area)",[4252,4493,4494,3964,4497,4500],{},[26,4495,4496],{},".breakout",[26,4498,4499],{},"grid-column: breakout;"," (wider than content)",[4252,4502,4503,3964,4506,4509],{},[26,4504,4505],{},".full-width",[26,4507,4508],{},"grid-column: full-width;"," (entire grid)",[22,4511,4512,4513,4516,4517,4519],{},"Refine with ",[26,4514,4515],{},":not(.breakout, .full-width)"," to avoid over-applying. For full-width elements, reapply ",[26,4518,4487],{}," to their children for nested containment—no subgrid needed, despite initial temptation (good Chrome\u002FFirefox support fallback). Kevin notes: \"my first thought was actually subgrid and I started using using it and then when I was like well people are going to complain about browser support what if I did a fall back and then my fall back turned out that I didn't even need to worry about subgrid.\"",[22,4521,4522,4523,4525],{},"Handles nav too: Place outside ",[26,4524,4357],{},", or adapt grid. Tradeoff: Long CSS lines, assumes grid familiarity (links beginner video).",[17,4527,4529],{"id":4528},"responsive-sizing-with-minmax-and-custom-properties","Responsive Sizing with Min\u002FMax and Custom Properties",[22,4531,4532,4533,4480],{},"Static 100px fails small screens. Use local custom properties on ",[26,4534,4487],{},[3774,4536,4538],{"className":3943,"code":4537,"language":3945,"meta":101,"style":101},"--padding-inline: 2rem;\n--content-max-width: 70ch;\n--breakout-max-width: 85ch;\n",[26,4539,4540,4545,4550],{"__ignoreMap":101},[3782,4541,4542],{"class":3784,"line":3785},[3782,4543,4544],{"class":3803},"--padding-inline: 2rem;\n",[3782,4546,4547],{"class":3784,"line":102},[3782,4548,4549],{"class":3803},"--content-max-width: 70ch;\n",[3782,4551,4552],{"class":3784,"line":131},[3782,4553,4554],{"class":3803},"--breakout-max-width: 85ch;\n",[22,4556,4557],{},"Update columns:",[4249,4559,4560,4566],{},[4252,4561,4562,4563],{},"Edges: ",[26,4564,4565],{},"minmax(var(--padding-inline), 1fr)",[4252,4567,4568,4569],{},"Middle content: ",[26,4570,4571],{},"min(var(--content-max-width), 100% - calc(var(--padding-inline) * 2))",[22,4573,4574,4575,4578],{},"This caps content at 70ch or available width minus padding; edges grow responsively. Breakout uses similar minmax between padding and ",[26,4576,4577],{},"--breakout-max-width",". Result: Fluid from mobile (edges shrink to 2rem) to desktop (content hits cap, edges expand).",[22,4580,4581],{},"Full-width backgrounds stay edge-to-edge; content self-centers. Images\u002Fsections breakout naturally. Kevin raves: \"why did I not start doing this sooner I don't know but maybe you disagree and I would like to know if you do.\"",[22,4583,4584,4585,4588,4589,4591,4592,4595],{},"Tradeoffs: Complexity in ",[26,4586,4587],{},"minmax\u002Fmin"," nesting (order of operations matters); devtools grid inspector essential for debugging (toggle line names\u002Fsizes). Selector performance minor (",[26,4590,4028],{}," vs ",[26,4593,4594],{},":not",").",[17,4597,4247],{"id":4246},[4249,4599,4600,4613,4622,4634,4640,4643,4646,4649],{},[4252,4601,4602,4603,4605,4606,3978,4608,3978,4610,4612],{},"Apply grid directly to ",[26,4604,4357],{}," with symmetric named lines for ",[26,4607,4396],{},[26,4609,4364],{},[26,4611,4368],{}," spans—no wrapper divs needed.",[4252,4614,4196,4615,4617,4618,4621],{},[26,4616,4565],{}," for edges and ",[26,4619,4620],{},"min(var(--content-max-width), 100% - padding*2)"," for responsive content capping.",[4252,4623,4624,4625,4627,4628,4630,4631,4633],{},"Classes on elements dictate span: ",[26,4626,4487],{}," for normal flow, ",[26,4629,4496],{}," for emphasis, ",[26,4632,4505],{}," for hero\u002Fimages.",[4252,4635,4636,4637,4639],{},"Nest ",[26,4638,4487],{}," on full-width children to re-constrain their content without subgrid.",[4252,4641,4642],{},"Test in devtools grid overlay; start simple, layer responsiveness. Ideal for CMS; reduces markup bloat by 20-50% in complex pages.",[4252,4644,4645],{},"Browser support strong (no subgrid); fallback via explicit rules.",[4252,4647,4648],{},"Experiment: Kevin's CodePen replicates exactly—fork and tweak max-widths.",[4252,4650,4651],{},"Opinion: Worth complexity for DX gains, but stick to wrappers if team unfamiliar with grid.",[3888,4653,4654],{},"html pre.shiki code .sVt8B, html code.shiki .sVt8B{--shiki-default:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":101,"searchDepth":102,"depth":102,"links":4656},[4657,4658,4659,4660,4661],{"id":4347,"depth":102,"text":4348},{"id":4378,"depth":102,"text":4379},{"id":4404,"depth":102,"text":4405},{"id":4528,"depth":102,"text":4529},{"id":4246,"depth":102,"text":4247},[108],{"content_references":4664,"triage":4684},[4665,4670,4674,4678,4681],{"type":121,"title":4666,"author":4667,"url":4668,"context":4669},"SmolCSS Breakout Grid","Stephanie Eckles","https:\u002F\u002Fsmolcss.dev\u002F#smol-breakout-grid","mentioned",{"type":121,"title":4671,"author":4672,"url":4673,"context":4669},"Layout Breakouts with CSS Grid","Ryan Mulligan","https:\u002F\u002Fryanmulligan.dev\u002Fblog\u002Flayout-breakouts\u002F",{"type":4675,"title":4676,"url":4677,"context":4669},"tool","Finished code","https:\u002F\u002Fcodepen.io\u002Fkevinpowell\u002Fpen\u002FExrZrrw",{"type":121,"title":4679,"url":4680,"context":125},"Getting started with CSS grid","https:\u002F\u002Fyoutu.be\u002Frg7Fvvl3taU",{"type":4675,"title":4682,"url":4683,"context":4669},"VS Code","https:\u002F\u002Fcode.visualstudio.com\u002F",{"relevance":131,"novelty":102,"quality":131,"actionability":130,"composite":131,"reasoning":4685},"Category: Design & Frontend. The article discusses a practical approach to using CSS Grid for layout, which is relevant for frontend developers. It provides a specific technique to simplify layouts by eliminating unnecessary wrapper divs, making it actionable for developers looking to improve their UI\u002FUX workflows.","\u002Fsummaries\u002F4e9668d53c62ae86-ditch-wrappers-css-grid-named-lines-for-layouts-summary","2023-11-09 14:07:12","2026-04-19 01:20:18",{"title":4337,"description":101},{"loc":4686},"4e9668d53c62ae86","AI Summaries (evaluation playlist)","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=c13gpBrnGEw","summaries\u002F4e9668d53c62ae86-ditch-wrappers-css-grid-named-lines-for-layouts-summary",[145,146],"Kevin Powell shows how to eliminate container divs by applying CSS Grid to main with named lines, enabling easy content, breakout, and full-width sections via classes alone.",[],"gy9CIkwTL2TFXsyQUXyNw5L7pxNTVKsv-dKdGMfuKDQ",{"id":4700,"title":4701,"ai":4702,"body":4707,"categories":4780,"created_at":109,"date_modified":109,"description":101,"extension":110,"faq":109,"featured":111,"kicker_label":109,"meta":4781,"navigation":134,"path":4786,"published_at":4787,"question":109,"scraped_at":4788,"seo":4789,"sitemap":4790,"source_id":4791,"source_name":4327,"source_type":4328,"source_url":4792,"stem":4793,"tags":4794,"thumbnail_url":4796,"tldr":4797,"tweet":4798,"unknown_tags":4799,"__hash__":4800},"summaries\u002Fsummaries\u002F25679c45178c4987-css-experts-google-basics-new-features-eat-js-s-lu-summary.md","CSS Experts Google Basics, New Features Eat JS's Lunch",{"provider":7,"model":8,"input_tokens":4703,"output_tokens":4704,"processing_time_ms":4705,"cost_usd":4706},6356,1202,16067,0.00184955,{"type":14,"value":4708,"toc":4775},[4709,4713,4749,4753,4768,4772],[17,4710,4712],{"id":4711},"everyday-css-lookups-that-trip-experts","Everyday CSS Lookups That Trip Experts",[22,4714,4715,4716,4719,4720,3978,4723,3978,4726,3978,4729,4732,4733,4736,4737,4740,4741,4744,4745,4748],{},"CSS veterans like panelists Lyra, Juan, and Chris still Google fundamentals they \"should know by heart.\" Examples include ",[26,4717,4718],{},"list-style-type"," for list markers (e.g., bullet shapes), view transition pseudo-elements (",[26,4721,4722],{},"::view-transition",[26,4724,4725],{},"::view-transition-group",[26,4727,4728],{},"::view-transition-old",[26,4730,4731],{},"::view-transition-new"," with class or ident names), and ",[26,4734,4735],{},"background-attachment: local"," to prevent backgrounds from scrolling with content. They even reference their own articles for tricks like transitioning to ",[26,4738,4739],{},"auto"," height. Anchor positioning variants stump them too: ",[26,4742,4743],{},"position: anchor()"," vs. ",[26,4746,4747],{},"position-try-options",". These lookups highlight that CSS's growing complexity means no one memorizes everything—use references for precision in production.",[17,4750,4752],{"id":4751},"css-vs-js-favor-declarative-styling-over-imperative-logic","CSS vs. JS: Favor Declarative Styling Over Imperative Logic",[22,4754,4755,4756,4759,4760,4763,4764,4767],{},"Draw the line at what's declarative and simpler: CSS for styling states like hover, focus, or scroll position; JS only for non-stylable functionality. CSS now imports JS concepts—functions (",[26,4757,4758],{},"calc()",", custom properties), anchor positioning for tooltips (handles overflow\u002Fclipping without viewport detection), view transitions for page changes, and popover\u002Fdialog via ",[26,4761,4762],{},"\u003Cdetails>",". Scroll-driven animations eliminate JS scroll listeners setting custom properties; use native scroll progress for relativity-based effects. Active\u002Ffocus-visible states cover clicks\u002Ftabs without event handlers. Trade-off: New CSS shines in greenfield code but may conflict with legacy JS-heavy codebases. Result: Less code, free state handling (e.g., no ",[26,4765,4766],{},"if"," blocks for appear\u002Fdisappear), faster performance.",[17,4769,4771],{"id":4770},"new-css-tools-reshaping-traditional-approaches","New CSS Tools Reshaping Traditional Approaches",[22,4773,4774],{},"Panelists regret lacking modern features during past projects like CSS Clicker or co-host. Anchor positioning powers popovers affecting external elements; scroll-triggered animations (experimental) enable viewport-relative state changes without JS. View transitions simplify complex naming for smooth swaps. Browser interop is the hurdle—staggered releases demand CanIUse checks, unlike IE era. Pipeline feels endless: expect more JS-to-CSS migrations (e.g., carousels via CSS). Approach: Prototype with latest tools first; fallback to JS if unsupported. Outcome: Rethink patterns—e.g., no more manual tooltip shifts—unlocking powerful, maintainable UIs.",{"title":101,"searchDepth":102,"depth":102,"links":4776},[4777,4778,4779],{"id":4711,"depth":102,"text":4712},{"id":4751,"depth":102,"text":4752},{"id":4770,"depth":102,"text":4771},[108],{"content_references":4782,"triage":4783},[],{"relevance":130,"novelty":131,"quality":130,"actionability":131,"composite":4784,"reasoning":4785},3.6,"Category: Design & Frontend. The article discusses the evolving role of CSS in frontend development, highlighting practical CSS features that can replace JavaScript for certain functionalities, which addresses the audience's interest in design systems and UI\u002FUX craft. It provides specific examples of CSS properties and their applications, making it somewhat actionable, though it lacks a step-by-step guide.","\u002Fsummaries\u002F25679c45178c4987-css-experts-google-basics-new-features-eat-js-s-lu-summary","2026-05-11 09:24:04","2026-05-11 15:01:39",{"title":4701,"description":101},{"loc":4786},"25679c45178c4987","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.youtube.com\u002Fwatch?v=AESmy7-_AYI","summaries\u002F25679c45178c4987-css-experts-google-basics-new-features-eat-js-s-lu-summary",[145,146,4795],"coding","https:\u002F\u002Fi.ytimg.com\u002Fvi\u002FAESmy7-_AYI\u002Fhqdefault.jpg","Even CSS pros look up list-style-type and view transition pseudo-elements; declarative CSS like anchor positioning and scroll-driven animations handles states JS once owned, reducing code and complexity.","Casual live panel at Smashing Meets Style Sheets where host Geoff Graham chats with CSS experts Lyra, Juan, and Chris about routine lookups (like list-style-type or view transitions), the CSS-JS divide for styling vs. state, and hype for scroll-driven animations.",[],"bv7dzGHtMthxBpx5jHZdLDJTL25F58uWAM0q9QY2M6E"]